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Music

Library resources about the field of music contain books, journals, helpful databases, and multimedia.

Citing Audiovisual Media

This Chicago Manual of Style Guide, 18th Edition was created by Karli Pansky at the University of Lethbridge, in Calgary, Canada. Creative Commons Copyright of BY-NC-SA.

Note citations (footnotes or endnotes) are designated with an N, while bibliography citations are marked by a B.

Audio/Video Recording
(Sections 14.163-14.165)

Musical recordings are typically listed in a separate discography (either preceding the bibliography or as an appendix) rather than a bibliography. See the Manual, 14.162 for more information. For examples of musical recordings on CD and other formats, see the Manual, 14.163.

Example 1 – Musical Recording (MP3)
N: "Everything I Wanted," by Billie Eilish and Finneas O'Connell, produced by Finneas O'Connell,
            Darkroom / Interscope Records, released as a single on November 13, 2019.

 

Video recordings are typically listed in a separate filmography (either preceding the bibliography or as an appendix) rather than a bibliography. See the Manual, 14.162 for more information. For examples of video recordings on VHS and other formats, see the Manual, 14.165.

The example below cites a particular scene in a film. If citing the whole film, omit the scene name and begin with the film title.

Example 2 – Video Recording (DVD)
N: "Crop Duster Attack," North by Northwest, directed by Alfred Hitchcock (1959; Burbank, CA: Warner Home Video, 2000), DVD.

This Chicago Manual of Style Guide, 18th Edition was created by Karli Pansky at the University of Lethbridge, in Calgary, Canada. Creative Commons Copyright of BY-NC-SA.

Note citations (footnotes or endnotes) are designated with an N, while bibliography citations are marked by a B.

Online Multimedia
(Sections 14.167-14.169)

To cite comments, adapt the recommendations for citing comments on blog posts or social media (see the Manual, 14.105 and 14.106).

Example 1 – YouTube Video
N: "The Book2Net Spirit book Scanner, in Your Library," posted by University of Lethbridge Library,
            January 30, 2015, video, 1:56, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_G4uRvMb5jU&feature=youtu.be.
B: "The Book2Net Spirit book Scanner, in Your Library." Posted by University of Lethbridge Library,
            January 30, 2015. Video, 1:56. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_G4uRvMb5jU&feature=youtu.be.

 

Example 2 – News Video
N: Dave Seglins, "CSE Monitors Canadian Emails to Government," CBC News, February 25, 2015,
            video, 1:40, http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/cse-monitors-millions-of-canadian-emails-to-government-1.2969687.
B: Seglins, Dave. "CSE Monitors Canadian Emails to Government." CBC News, February 25, 2015.
            Video, 1:40. http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/cse-monitors-millions-of-canadian-emails-to-government-1.2969687.